AbstractIn 1766, Thomas Cochrane entered the Edinburgh classroom of Joseph Black (1728–99) to learn chemistry for the first time. Cochrane was studying medicine, and, like so many of Black’s students, ...

Part of Chemistry (Single Science) The nature of substances and chemical reactions This diagram shows that one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms combine to make up the units of carbon dioxide. Its ...

The speed of a chemical reaction is affected by temperature, concentration, particle size and the presence of a catalyst. It can be calculated by measuring changes in reactants/products. Atomic ...